API 5L X52 Specifications and Application Scope
API 5L X52 represents a specific grade within the API 5L standard, which defines the production of two distinct product quality levels: PSL1 and PSL2 line pipes. These pipes can either be seamless or welded, making them ideal for transporting oil and natural gas across long distances. At CSC, we offer a range of other API 5L grades suitable for similar applications, including X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, and X70.
The manufacturing process for these pipes involves using high-quality materials such as steel ingots, billets, slabs, coils, or plates. These materials are processed through advanced methods like alkaline oxygen, electric furnace, or open-hearth techniques, often combined with ladle refining processes to ensure purity and consistency. For PSL2 specifications, the steel must be fully deoxidized and produced following fine-grained practices. Additionally, coils or sheets intended for PSL2 pipes must not contain any repair welds.
When it comes to welding API 5L X52 line pipes, three primary methods are commonly employed: ERW (Electric Resistance Welding), LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding), and SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welding). Each method has its own advantages and is chosen based on factors such as pipe diameter, wall thickness, and project requirements.
Delivery Conditions
Below is a detailed breakdown of delivery conditions for both PSL1 and PSL2 specifications:
| PSL Level | Delivery Condition | Pipe Grade |
|-----------|------------------------------------------|------------------|
| PSL1 | As-rolled, normalized, thermomechanically rolled, etc. | A |
| | As-rolled, normalizing rolled, etc. | B |
| | As-mentioned above | X42, X46, X52, etc. |
| PSL2 | As-rolled | BR, X42R |
| | Normalizing rolled, normalized, etc. | BN, X42N, X46N, etc. |
| | Quenched and tempered | BQ, X42Q, X46Q, etc. |
| | Thermomechanically rolled or formed | BM, X42M, X46M, etc. |
| | Thermomechanically rolled | X90M, X100M, X120M |
Chemical Composition for PSL1 Pipes (t ≤ 0.984")
| Steel Grade | Mass Fraction (%) - Heat & Product Analyses |
|-------------|---------------------------------------------|
| | C | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti |
| X52 | 0.28 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | d | d | d |
Chemical Composition for PSL2 Pipes (t ≤ 0.984")
| Steel Grade | Mass Fraction (%) - Heat & Product Analyses |
|-------------|---------------------------------------------|
| | C | Si | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | Other | CE IIW | CE Pcm |
| X52N | 0.24 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025| 0.015| 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.04 | d,e,l | 0.043 | 0.25 |
| X52Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.5 | 0.025| 0.015| 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.043 | 0.25 |
| X52M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025| 0.015| d | d | d | e,l | 0.043 | 0.25 |
Mechanical Properties
| Pipe Grade | Tensile Properties - Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 1 |
|------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| | Yield Strength (Rt0,5 PSI Min) | Tensile Strength (Rm PSI Min) | Elongation (%) |
| X52 | 52,200 | 66,700 | c |
Hydrostatic Test
Each pipe must withstand a hydrostatic test without leaking through the weld seam or the pipe body. If the pipe sections used have been successfully tested, jointers do not require separate hydrostatic testing.
Bend Test
No cracks should appear in any part of the test piece, and there should be no opening of the weld during the bend test.
Flattening Test
The acceptance criteria for the flattening test are as follows:
For EW pipes where D < 12.750 inches, there should be no opening of the weld until the distance between the plates is less than 66% of the original outer diameter for X60 with T > 500 inches. For all grades and wall thicknesses, this limit is 50%. For pipes with D/t > 10, the weld should remain intact until the distance between the plates is less than 30% of the original outer diameter. For other sizes, refer to the full API 5L specification.
In conclusion, API 5L X52 line pipes are an essential component in modern energy infrastructure, providing reliable and durable solutions for oil and gas transportation. Their versatility and robustness make them a preferred choice among engineers and operators worldwide.
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