Formula fertilization method for soil testing and formula fertilization 1
Yan Wei (Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Pingan County, Qinghai Province)
Soil testing and formula fertilization is based on soil testing and fertilizer field trials. According to the laws of crop manure requirements, soil nutrient properties, and fertilizer effects (determined from soil tests and field tests), based on the rational application of organic fertilizers, nitrogen is proposed. The application amount, application ratio, application time, and corresponding application techniques of phosphorus, potassium, and trace element fertilizers. To sum up: First, soil testing, soil samples to determine soil nutrient content; Second, formula, after the diagnosis of soil nutrients, in accordance with the needs of the crop nutrients "open prescription, according to prescription drugs"; three is a reasonable fertilization, is Agricultural technicians guided scientific application of formula fertilizer. Convenient soil testing formula points: Set production by land, that is, determine the target yield based on soil fertility; use production nitrogen, according to the target yield: nitrogen application amount = crop unit nitrogen content × (target output - blank field yield) / Nitrogen use efficiency; nitrogen phosphorus, many years of experiments confirmed that different crops, different soil conditions, nitrogen and phosphorus between the best application rate; potassium with micro, according to the different rules of the crop apply potassium fertilizer and trace fertilizer.
1 Calculation of Several Formula Fertilization Methods
1.1 Target Production Method
According to the difference between the target crop yield and soil nutrient supply, the target amount of fertilization should be estimated, and fertilization should be used to make up for the part of the soil where the soil supply is insufficient. The formula is: Fertilizer amount = (the total amount of nutrients required for the target output - soil supply) / (nutrient content in the fertilizer × fertilizer utilization rate in the season)
1.2 Land subtraction
The method calculates the amount of fertilization based on the difference between the target crop yield and the non-fertilizer yield. The formula is: Fertilizer amount = (target output - no fertilizer area yield) × crop unit yield nutrient absorption amount / (nutrient content in fertilizer × fertilizer utilization rate in the season)
1.3 Soil nutrients effective correction coefficient method
The amount of fertilizer was calculated by determining the soil's effective nutrient content. The formula is: Fertilizer amount = (crop unit yield nutrient absorption × target yield - soil test value x0.15 × effective nutrient correction coefficient) / (nutrient content in fertilizer × fertilizer utilization rate in the season)
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