More than 2,000 students evacuated in 2 minutes after a 4.8-magnitude earthquake in Tangshan

CCTV's "News 1+1" column on May 31, 2012 broadcast a "Large Reflection on the Little Epicenter". The following is a textual record:

(program guide)

Host Dong Qian:

Good evening, welcome to watch the "News 1+1" live.

Recently, when we looked at the domestic and foreign times, we found that there were more earthquakes, especially on the 28th of May. The two consecutive earthquakes that occurred in Tangshan actually gave people a wake-up call. Check to see what you have. How much is disaster awareness, knowledge, and capabilities? In this quake that was not graded high in Tangshan, we are especially pleased to see such a video on the Internet that a school has transferred all 2,000 students calmly and orderly in two minutes. Going out, let's take a look at this video first.

Commentary:

Perhaps because of the catastrophe that was so terrible, the magnitude 4.8 earthquake on May 28 this year, despite its small magnitude, still touched everyone's extremely sensitive nerves.

Screen prompts:

May 29, 2012 News

Commentary:

According to the National Seismological Network, at 10:22 on May 28th, at the junction of Ganxian County in Tangshan City, Hebei Province, it was 39.7 degrees north latitude and a magnitude 4.8 earthquake occurred at 118.5 degrees east longitude.

At 5 o'clock in the morning on the 29th, a magnitude 3.2 earthquake again occurred in this area. The depth of the source is 6 kilometers. Then the experts of the Chinese seismograph network pointed out that the magnitude 4.8 earthquake was the aftershock of the 1976 Tangshan earthquake. However, the magnitude 3.2 earthquake on the 29th was the aftershock of the earthquake on the previous day.

Commentary:

The advancement of communication means that everyone's attention can be transmitted to every corner in an instant. Although experts have given clear answers, the two earthquakes that occurred in Tangshan will still be the focus of everyone's heated discussion, including aftershocks. No matter who is professional or non-professional, no one can convince anyone.

The controversy over the earthquake may not disappear in a short time. In the Tangshan earthquake, after only 6 minutes and 32 seconds of the actual earthquake occurred, the video of a school evacuation almost ushered in everyone's unanimous praise. Perhaps compared to the specious debate, the reality reflected in this video is even more urgent.

On the morning of May 28th before 10:22:40, the class in the video or class or exam, everything was normal, and suddenly the screen flickered and an earthquake occurred.

At the moment of the earthquake, the students had a brief turmoil, but then, following the teacher’s request, all of them held their heads under the desk and the vibrations stopped all students from starting to evacuation from the front and rear doors in order.

Leaving the classroom, the teachers quickly evacuated on the corridor and stairs. At 10:25:27, a male student rushed downstairs with a plastered student in his leg. There were three boys around him. With a walking stick, afterwards, everyone learned that the five boys were the students in the second grade of the school. The injured student was Chang Hao. His leg was injured in an accident. After the earthquake, Chang Kun was evacuated by his classmate Sun Kun. The video showed that the students gradually withdrew from the school building and gathered in the playground.

After the 4.8-magnitude Tangshan earthquake on May 28th, more than 2,000 students from Tangshan Yingcai School took only two minutes to evacuate. According to the school’s introduction, each month they conduct an irregular exercise without advance notice. This is a hard requirement for teachers and students.

Dong Qian:

If the videos we just watched were not explained, many people would think that it was a drill for the school. In fact, this is an actual earthquake. In this actual combat, the school performed very well from top to bottom. And after recording it through surveillance videos, we provided us with a very rare practical combat escape textbook. We then asked Mr. Zou Wenwei, deputy director of the Popular Science Committee of the Chinese Seismological Society, to give us an analysis of what really worthwhile trips we can learn in this video of the escape.

Hello Zou, I don't know what rating you give after you watch this video.

Zou Wenwei:

The school classmates performed very well and should be quite high scores.

Dong Qian:

We first looked at our classmates. When the earthquake struck, some of my classmates were still a bit panicky at the beginning. I didn't know what to do. I first ran outside. Then I immediately hid under the desk under the teacher’s reminder. You first commented on the performance of this classmate. ?

Zou Wenwei:

Most of the classmates immediately knew what they were doing, and they hid under the table or near the desk in a very orderly manner. Some students had panic and ran outside the classroom. Under the teacher's guidance and guidance, they immediately knew themselves. Where is it, so the whole thing is very orderly.

Dong Qian:

We can see from the video, why are they hiding behind the table or at the table?

Zou Wenwei:

Because we know that in earthquakes, especially general sensational earthquakes, or general earthquakes, such as the complete collapse of the house, this phenomenon is still relatively small. It is mainly hidden under the table or at the table to prevent damage from falling objects.

Dong Qian:

In addition, you commented on the behavior of the teacher. After the children were kneeled down first, but some teachers did not kneel down, and some teachers were kneels. How do you analyze the teacher's practice?

Zou Wenwei:

I think that the teachers at this school are still doing quite well. When they feel that the earthquake first directs the students to conceal their problems, they first open the classroom door because sometimes the earthquake may cause them to cling to the door and the door cannot be opened. In this case, the teacher's performance is very professional. However, from the video, it can be seen that some teachers did not hide, and some teachers followed their classmates to hide from the students. They should also say that teachers should hide because we must first ensure the safety of classmates. A professional worker, as a teacher with a teacher's morality, first let the students hide, and then they have to ensure their own safety, so the teacher should also hide.

Dong Qian:

In addition, after watching the video, Director Zou Zengchao deeply impressed me. When the children leave the classroom, although they are more people, they are orderly and without any crowd. What do you think of this situation?

Zou Wenwei:

This is probably the result of regular training. If it is not regular training, I am afraid that you can't do this twice or less. This shows that this school is still very tight on the drills.

Dong Qian:

There is also a detail. After the students come out of the classroom, they are very orderly in the corridor. Some of them are left and there is no confusion to the right. How did you do this?

Zou Wenwei:

This is the result of ordinary drills. We said that our emergency evacuation operations were to hide first and then move in an orderly manner. The school looked very, very good from the video. After the classmates came out, some went to the front door and some went to the back door, some from one direction, and the other part from the other direction. There was no slightest congestion and confusion, indicating that the school was doing quite well in this area. .

Dong Qian:

From the video you can see the school's hardware. What do you think?

Zou Wenwei:

This hardware, we see the school logically said that this is the school of Tangshan, was built after the earthquake, it should be said that the seismic performance is good, and we see its evacuation channel, its stairs are also more spacious, and the middle of the stairs are lined Hardware is also guaranteed.

Dong Qian:

There is also a net friend who is more enthusiastic in the process of this escape. There is a classmate who is carrying a wounded student on the other foot. There are three other students who are helping him. Is your evaluation of such an approach?

Zou Wenwei:

It shows the mutual concern between the students, their friendship and love. I think that this normal may also be related to the school's education and exercise.

Dong Qian:

In summary, through the details of your comments, you can see through this series of details you can see what type of drills are performed in the ordinary schools. With this kind of performance, you can evaluate your training for peacetime.

Zou Wenwei:

I think this school is normal. First of all, let the students have the knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. In ordinary schools there is this plan. The usual exercises are carried out according to the plan. So the results are quite good. The students just started the earthquake when they started Orderly performance does not seem to be in actual combat, but it is actually a good drill.

Dong Qian:

Well, thank you, Mr. Zou for commenting on us. Just as Zou Zhuren said just now, there are three factors that they have at the same time. One is a more solid school building, the other is a normal exercise, and there is a sense of full disaster relief and disaster prevention. When the three are available at the same time, we usually say a word “If we are not afraid of 10,000, we will be afraid of it”. If this occurs, this kind of adequate preparation will allow everyone to comfortably spend this kind of event. .

What we have just seen is an earthquake. In fact, in addition to earthquakes, everyone in our lives is also inevitably facing other sudden disasters. When these things happen, can we safely spend it?

Commentary:

Just around 9 a.m. yesterday morning, when a train on the Shanghai Metro Line 7 was driven to the Zhenping Road Station, an alarm bell sounded in the train and all the people in the car suddenly fell into fear and panic.

Shanghai Metro Line 7 “The Whistle Event” witnessed Zhou Yiqun:

Later, there was a riot in the train. Then there were girls screaming. They found out that many people rushed out of the door of the subway at the same time. Then I was also squeezed out along with the crowd.

Commentary:

Within minutes of the incident, many people on the scene at that time posted Weibo and described the chaos on the spot.

After several sirens, the policeman rushed to the road and escaped. A woman's shoes were stolen and could not be found. A woman's bag was broken and she was squeezed and pushed down again. The chaotic shoes and bags were flying indiscriminately. There were people who had been trampled on in the morning. After I ran away, I was surprised to find an umbrella with a long hair.

The masses who took the elevator rolled up and panicked in a moment, like a scene in a disaster film, with fear of attack.

Suddenly everyone screamed and rushed out of the subway. All of a sudden the scene was in disarray. I didn't know what happened. Many people rushed from the retrograde elevator.

Zhou Yiqun:

The feeling to me was like a bomb in the car, or something like a gangster, or a special dangerous situation in the fire. At the time, it was quite scary. I just wanted to squeeze out the subway first.

Commentary:

In just 11 seconds, a total of six passengers in the trains all rushed out of the carriages. This not only caused some people to lose their shoes, but some of them suffered minor injuries. After about five or six minutes, the subway broadcasted. Inform everyone that the train is all normal. The train then operated normally and left Zhenping Road Station.

Half an hour after the incident, Shanghai Metro’s official Weibo issued a message stating that the train whistle was caused by a false alarm in the train smoke alarm. This incident was also considered by some media to reveal that people lacked response to emergencies. The ability of the event.

Zhou Yiqun:

I knew that it was time to leave in an orderly manner, but in that situation at the time, everyone was crowded out. At that time, there was no way to escape by following common sense.

Commentary:

Although this incident did not cause casualties, what it exposed was disturbing. In the face of the chaotic crowd, can we imagine this if Shanghai Metro Line 7 had a bigger accident? In addition to this episode of the Shanghai Metro, the Office of the State Council’s safety committee issued a report a few days ago. However, through the fact of the blood, it once again raised serious concerns about the emergency of the society. The circular pointed out that in recent years, the accidents caused by blindly rescued accidents in our country have become more serious. There are multiple situations. Only 11 cases have occurred since May. Only 14 people were involved in the incident, but in the end 40 people were killed and 8 people were injured.

Taking the accident of China Telecom in Yiyang City, Hunan Province, on May 5 as an example, during the construction of the optical cable construction workers, one person escorted the escalator to touch the low-voltage line, but due to the lack of experience of the other two people, they were rescued. During the process, electric shocks were successively carried out, resulting in three deaths.

Then, on May 9th, an accident in Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and China Southern Airlines Group Corporation Xinjiang Branch, for example, the two workers were suffocated due to leakage of argon poisoning, but eight workers were also involved in the rescue process. As a result of poisoning and suffocation, the accident eventually caused 6 deaths and 4 serious injuries.

What happens when a disaster strikes is a big problem for every ordinary person.

Dong Qian:

In fact, this is a very sharp contrast. We can see that even if the peacetime is well-trained, even children can safely pass through in the face of natural disasters, but if there is no such training in peacetime, then in the face of a little bit Confusion, adults can also turn chaos into a man-made disaster.

Next, we continued to connect Director Zou, Director Zou, and we watched a video of an emergency that occurred when Shanghai encountered a subway accident. After watching the children's training, you again look at the Shanghai Metro. There is confusion inside.

Zou Wenwei:

This contrasted sharply with the children's orderliness, but the alarm caused by a mistake in the Shanghai Metro caused such a great deal of turmoil, indicating that our public, especially in crowded places, lacks the knowledge of emergency hedging. A panic occurs and panic upon hearing the alarm. The second is the lack of basic knowledge. That is to say, what should happen if this happens in the subway? The third also has a herd mentality. Everyone runs and follows a piece of running. It is simply no casualties. Otherwise, it would be unthinkable.

Dong Qian:

You just mentioned this aspect of the passengers. This may be a multifaceted factor. Apart from the fact that the passengers must be calm, on the other hand, as the environment at that time, such as local operators and on-site managers, they should What is it doing?

Zou Wenwei:

This is another aspect that should be mentioned. Our subway facilities should have some safe signs that are easily identifiable. In addition, our staff should appear in this situation and should direct the passengers what they should do, but it seems to be in this The report did not see this. This is a pity. It was not until six minutes later that there was a broadcast to inform what had happened. Therefore, management and security management in this area should indeed be strengthened.

Dong Qian:

In this kind of public situation, especially the chaos that occurs in crowded public places, what do you think should be prevented at ordinary times?

Zou Wenwei:

Or just like the school's safe haven.

Dong Qian:

This also exercises?

Zou Wenwei:

Yes, one is the first to have this knowledge, first of all to pay attention to, usually when taking the subway should pay attention to observe what is the safe passage, which safety facilities have any effect, if you usually notice these really meet this kind of situation on the chest Do not panic, otherwise panic is inevitable.

Dong Qian:

Kung fu is still out of the question.

Zou Wenwei:

Correct.

Dong Qian:

Just one of the short films mentioned in the movie just now. When you are in danger, you want to save you from having such knowledge, and sometimes you have to expand the adverse consequences. What are your suggestions for this?

Zou Wenwei:

Disasters and accidents can sometimes be avoided. When disasters occur, we try to minimize losses. We must save people first. We should provide scientific assistance. The rescuers must first have safety knowledge and first ensure their own safety. Expand this casualty. Under such circumstances, it is not always necessary for our management departments or our specific personnel to not only require knowledge of their own safety, but also to have some scientific knowledge to help others to save others, that is, the so-called self-help and mutual rescue. Knowledge should be available.

Dong Qian:

Okay thank you.

Just saw two contrasts. After the Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan Province, May 12th was the disaster prevention and reduction day of our country. This kind of awareness as a kind of anniversary reminds people every year that this is a beginning. Far from enough, when we talked about how to save ourselves and help others, we have the illusion of a bystander. Some people say that the moral quality of the Chinese is not high. In fact, it may be an illusion when facing others. Some people do not stand idly by and say that he is willing to stand by, but that he wants to save, but he will not be saved. For instance, some elderly people who are sick may be able to help him down. In this case he has to choose to stand by .

Just now we talked about a lot of software, and then we have to stress about the hardware, because in the face of either natural disasters or other disasters, sometimes you have to do this kind of homework for the hardware. Then we can talk about the software. We will continue to Look down.

Commentary:

On May 12, 2008, a school and an old residential area became ruins in the Wenchuan earthquake. During the reconstruction, both the public and public opinion put forward higher requirements for the earthquake-resistance of newly-built buildings.

In May 2009, the Sichuan school building safety project was started. According to the plan, by 2013, the school buildings of 1,157 primary and secondary schools in the province should be reinforced and rebuilt, so as to completely solve the hidden dangers of the existing school buildings and meet the requirements for comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation. After the Wenchuan Earthquake, school reinforcement projects were carried out in many parts of the country. Taking Beijing as an example, the municipal government decided to carry out a site-by-house survey and identification of the primary and secondary school buildings in the city, and form an assessment of each building according to the requirements of earthquake fortification and related disaster prevention. The report, the establishment of school building safety files, after the determination of 300 primary and secondary schools need to carry out seismic strengthening and transformation. After the completion of the safety reinforcement project, all school buildings are said to meet the fortification requirements of 8 degrees earthquake resistance.

Screen prompts:

May 1, 2009 News

Commentary:

Today's newly revised "Law of the People's Republic of China on Earthquake Prevention and Mitigation" is formally implemented. The new Earthquake Prevention and Mitigation Law will improve the seismic standards for housing construction in schools, hospitals, and other places where personnel are concentrated.

Commentary:

After the completion of the school security project, Beijing began to carry out comprehensive reconstruction work on earthquake-resilient reinforcement and energy conservation for 15 million square meters of old residential areas from April 2011. For this purpose, Beijing invested about 15 billion yuan in fiscal funds and 300,000 in old districts that have been transformed. Households have a population of 1 million.

Zhang Nongke, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Committee:

Since our country's first seismic fortification standard was promulgated in 1978, it means that many of our houses before 1980 were not designed for seismic fortification.

Commentary:

According to the plan of Beijing Municipality, we will carry out earthquake resistance appraisal of the old houses built before 1980, carry out structural earthquake reinforcement and reconstruction of old houses that do not meet the standard, and complete the key loop areas that affect the city environment before the September 15 this year. Comprehensive renovation of the old district.

Beijing Citizen Fan Zhaoyi:

You are sure to be bothered by this. It's for sure, but it's good to see it in the long run.

Commentary:

In the face of earthquake danger, only safe buildings are still far from enough. Once an earthquake has occurred, urban refuge plays a more important role. The reporter once conducted a survey of 100 citizens near the Beijing Millennium Monument. The results showed that 47% of the people did not I don't know that they go through leisure parkland every day as emergency shelters, and 74% of the citizens don't understand the details of the use of emergency shelters and related functions.

Zhang Shaoquan, Executive Director of Beijing Disaster Reduction Association:

To improve the overall resilience of the city, the key lies in the grass-roots level. The common people are that the people are in the improvement of knowledge and emergency knowledge.

Commentary:

It is understood that 71 emergency evacuation shelters have been built in Beijing, with a total area of ​​approximately 14.06 million square meters, and the total number of people that can be accommodated is 2.36 million, which is approximately one-tenth of the city’s population. In addition, the construction of emergency shelters is not evenly distributed.

Yang Wenbin, Chief of Emergency Department of Beijing Civil Defense Bureau:

We are formulating the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” and propose that at least one or two of them must be built in 2010 or 2011 without an evacuation site. In the future, there will be roughly 20% of the annual speed.

Dong Qian:

Earthquake disaster students have such a sentence that the killing is not an earthquake but a building. Now we can see that more and more big cities, more and more people, more and more functions, in fact, the more modern cities it really The more fragile we face in times of danger, what kind of usual preparations we should make to live in this city. Then we continue to connect Director Zou.

Director Zou we see that taking Beijing as an example, the figures we have learned that Beijing is 71 emergency shelters. If all of them are used, they can only solve the problem of one-tenth of Beijing’s population hedging. We see that it is not enough, but Beijing's urban development is so expensive that it is possible to continue building enough evacuation sites to accommodate everyone?

Zou Wenwei:

In this way, we have now fully laid out refuge sites, but just as the host said that our evacuation sites cannot cover all the population. In this case, we say that we must strengthen other aspects. We will build the house securely. , reinforcement, and seismic strengthening, especially in places where our schools and hospitals are densely populated. Just now we said that we strengthened our school in Beijing last year. As a result of this reinforcement, the earthquake resistance standard of the school that had resisted the 8 degree earthquake was even higher, and it was even able to resist an earthquake of 9 degrees. In this case, some gymnasiums in our school were strengthened. It can also be used as a place of refuge. Like Japan, our ability to avoid earthquakes in emergency situations will be greatly improved.

Dong Qian:

Well, thank you, Director Zou, for bringing so much information and knowledge.

We have an idiom called “Jian An Siwei”. Only when we usually resolve this dangerous consciousness on a daily basis, then when the danger really comes we can calmly respond to peace. Well, today's program is like that. Thank you for watching. Goodbye.

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