Hua County in Henan Province has been identified as the national pilot soil fertilization pilot fertilization pilot subsidy capital project counties and the national benchmark fertilization model fertilization demonstration counties. In strict accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture and the provincial program, we have firmly implemented, innovated work modes, and explored long-term work. The mechanism has accelerated the popularization and application of soil testing and fertilization techniques, promoted a steady increase in the overall grain production capacity, and achieved remarkable economic and social benefits.
First, farmers' fertilization techniques have been improved. The widely used application of soil testing and fertilizer application technology has increased the fertilizer utilization rate of the county by an average of 3.5 percentage points, and saved an average of 4 kilograms of urea per mu. This has effectively avoided the blind over-investment of chemical fertilizers and reduced the face of agriculture. Source pollution has protected the agricultural ecological environment and improved the quality of agricultural products. It has changed the traditional practice of farmers applying fertilizers for a long time, not applying organic fertilizers, applying only nitrogen fertilizers, not applying phosphorus and potash fertilizers, and micro-fertilizers, as well as excessive fertilization and blind fertilization, and has formed the practice of measuring soil fertilization, formula fertilization, and formula fertilizer. The peasants' scientific fertilization awareness and technical level have been greatly improved.
Second, the production of new crops for summer grain hit a record high through the test soil fertilization pilot subsidy funding project implementation, the county to promote soil testing and formula fertilization area of ​​401,200 acres, radiation driven area of ​​1 million acres, collect soil samples 3830, complete wheat "3414 +1 10 trials, 10 comparative trials of fertilizer efficiency, establishment of 22 demonstration and fertilization area for fertilizing 100 acres, direct training of 6545 farmers, 60,000 copies of fertilization advice cards, and more than 60,000 copies of technically known papers, more than 60,000 Farmers provided free soil testing and fertilization technology services, and the area of ​​401,200 mu of core project area was 141,500 mu of formula fertilizer. On March 15, 2006, the province's soil fertility work and soil testing and fertilization on-site observation meeting was held in Huaxian County, affirming the soil testing, formulating and fertilizing work in Huaxian County. The popularization and application of soil testing and fertilizer application promoted the harvest of high yield wheat in the whole county. In 2006, the average yield per mu in the county of Huabai County reached 509.8 kg, and the county's 16.39 million mu wheat in Huaxian County, with an average yield of 457.0 kg per year. 423.2 kilograms increased by 33.8 kilograms, an increase of 8.0%; total output was 749,000 tons, an increase of 62,000 tons compared with last year's 687,000 tons, an increase of 9.02%, and the unit production and total output were all set new historical records. In the 40.12 million mu core project area, a total of 4.012 million yuan of fertilizer input was saved, a total of 170.51 million kg was added, and an increase in income was 23.871 million yuan;
3. The “53121†Soil Fertilizer Working Model was established. In the implementation of soil testing and formulating fertilization projects, Huaxian County adhered to scientific research as the basis, market as the link, promotion as the leading force, and peasant households as the targets, actively exploring and innovating, and initially constructed The "53121" work mode means establishing "five supports", perfecting "three levels of positions", building "one network", strengthening "two combinations", and achieving "one goal."
1. Establish "five supports." The first is to establish a high-quality technical service team. With the county agriculture bureau and agricultural technology center as the mainstay, Dr. Ma Xinming of Henan Agricultural University was hired to establish an expert group of soil testing and fertilizer application technology; 50 scientific and technical personnel were selected, each township was subcontracted by 2-3 individuals, and 22 technical guidance groups were established. Correspondingly, technical services teams have been set up in townships and townships; scientific and technological action teams have been established in each administrative village. The county, township and village three-tier soil testing and fertilizer application promotion teams were formed. The second is to establish a high-quality soil fertility laboratory. Huai County conducted a large-scale upgrade of the original laboratory, renovated the layout, purchased atomic absorption spectrophotometers, ultraviolet spectrophotometers, and other equipment, installed air conditioning and soil automation pre-processing equipment, equipped with a microcomputer and corresponding software, The automatic data entry and network transmission are realized, and the testing ability is greatly improved. The third is to build a high standard project management office. The Huali County Soil Testing and Formula Fertilization Project Office is equipped with highly-configured computers, television multimedia and other equipment. It has established electronic files for soil testing and formula fertilization, soil classification work maps, and soil samples and follow-up surveys for peasant households. It is organized by modern office methods. Instruct and coordinate soil testing and fertilizer application. The fourth is to establish a fertilizer recommendation expert system. The County Agricultural Technology Center and the College of Information Management of Henan Agricultural University jointly developed the Huaxian Wheat Computer Recommended Fertilizer Expert System, which promoted the scientific fertilization decision-making level. The fifth is to establish a county-level formula fertilizer distribution center. Coordinate the supply of fertilizer companies in a unified manner, conduct propaganda and promotion of formula fertilizers, and provide timely supply of high-quality formula fertilizers as required by farmers, so as to maximize the benefits to farmers and farmers.
2. Improve "three positions." First, improve the county-level agricultural science and technology service hall. A soil testing and formula fertilizing service area will be set up in the hall, and the establishment of “rest assured agricultural capital†supermarket will be supplemented with the combination of technology and quality services. The second is to improve the township-level science and technology service stations (service halls), and to implement one-stop services integrating technical consultation, training services, "rest assured agricultural resources" supply and soil speed measurement in key towns and villages. The third is to improve the village agricultural science and technology culture courtyard. Establish a village cultural compound in key villages, equipped with TV, books, CD-ROMs, tapes, and other scientific and technological materials to popularize the knowledge of soil testing and formula fertilization.
3. Build "a network." Together with the Consumer Association, the Agricultural Technology Department has established a Formula Fertilizer Distribution Network for Fertilizer Enterprises to produce Formula Fertilizers, Promotional Promotions in Three Levels of Positions, and Relief of Agricultural Resources through Direct Supply to Farmers.
4. Strengthen "two combinations." First, the agricultural technology promotion department combined with fertilizer companies to improve the scientific and technological content of formula fertilizer, promote the conversion of soil testing and fertilization technology; Second, the combination of soil testing and fertilizer application technology and agricultural production, to avoid the farmers' blind fertilization, irrational fertilization Promote the application of soil testing and fertilizer application.
5. To achieve "a goal." Through the “five supportsâ€, “three levels of positionsâ€, “one network†and “two combinationsâ€, the goal of cost-effective agriculture and sustainable agricultural development has been achieved.
Fourth, it has produced a wide range of social influence
On March 15, 2006, the province's soil fertility work and soil testing and fertilization field observation meeting was held in Huai County to introduce the county's working experience to the whole province. On May 8th and June 6th, the deputy governor of the Henan Provincial Government Liu Xinmin came to Huaxian County twice and gave a high evaluation of soil testing and fertilizer application in Huaxian County. At the same time, he proposed that Huaxian County should strongly build a higher goal of standardized model fertilization for soil testing and formulating in the province and even in the whole country. Deputy Director of the Provincial Department of Agriculture Hao Kuihu, Director of the Provincial Soil and Fertilizer Station Ye Xuechun, National Soil Testing and Fertilizing Expert Group Zhang Fusuo, and Anyang Municipal Party Committee Secretary and Secretary of the East Committee of the Anyang Municipality, and many others went to Hua County to guide their work, and the soil testing formula for Huai County was repeated. Fertilization work is affirmed. At present, leaders and colleagues of 28 cities and counties in 9 provinces and autonomous regions including Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Chongqing, Liaoning, Shanxi, Mongolia, Hubei, Hunan and Shandong have visited the county to study and practice soil testing and fertilization.
Huai County Soil Testing and Fertilizing Office Liu Hongjun July 2006