US proposed experimental compressed air energy storage power station
Energy-saving and emission reduction US proposed experimental compressed air energy storage power station in the western part of the United States, usually nighttime winds are greater than daytime, so wind turbines can produce more electricity at night than during the day, but the real problem is that nighttime electricity The amount is less than the daytime, and thus there is a situation in which the power supply and demand do not correspond in time. In this regard, US researchers believe that the indirect way of building a new compressed air energy storage plant can store the abundant wind energy in the northwest region for use in the future when high energy demand and power supply are tight. Their proposed compressed air energy storage plant not only can store energy, but also can be converted from an energy storage plant to a power plant in just a few minutes, providing flexibility for balancing high-altitude wind power generation during the day.
The newly completed comprehensive research analysis shows that wind energy in the northwestern United States can drive air compressors at night to store air in deep porous rock. When needed, compressed air can be used to generate electricity, meeting 85,000 users per month. Demand. Technicians at the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the Bonneville Power Authority have found two unique methods of energy storage and identified sites in East Washington that will give two energy storage pathways to practice.
Steve Knudson, who is responsible for managing the study for the Bonneville Power Authority, said that because the Renewable Energy Generation Quota System (RPS) requires 20% or 30% of the electricity in the US states to come from different sources of energy (such as wind energy). And solar energy) Therefore, the construction of compressed air energy storage plants can play a valuable role in helping to manage and integrate renewable energy into the Northwest Power Grid.
The researchers said that all compressed air energy storage plants operate on the same basic premise. When the power supply is abundant, the plant draws power from the grid to start a large air compressor that delivers compressed air into a specific geological formation underground. When the electrical energy demand is high, the compressed air stored underground is released and used to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity. Studies have shown that through the above cycle, compressed air energy storage plants can use compressed air to generate up to 80% of the electricity consumed by compressed air. There are two existing compressed air energy storage plants in the world, one in Alabama, USA. One in Germany, they use artificial salt caves to store air (ie excess electricity). In contrast, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the Bonneville Power Authority have proposed different approaches: using natural porous rock formations deep underground to store renewable energy.
In the past 10 years, as energy companies and other institutions have sought better ways to integrate renewable energy into the grid, the use of underground porous rock to store compressed air and generate electricity has received increasing attention. About 13% of the electricity supply in the northwestern United States, or nearly 8,600 megawatts, comes from wind power. How to effectively use nighttime wind power has prompted the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the Bonneville Power Authority to decide whether new technologies can Used in the Northwest Territories for investigation.
To find potential compressed air storage sites, the research team investigated 362 the Columbia Plateau. There, most of the land is covered by thick volcanic basalts. The team sought a basalt structure that was 1,500 feet underground and 30 feet thick, while the site was close to high-voltage transmission lines and met other relevant conditions.
Subsequently, the researchers analyzed data from past gas exploration and research in the Hanford site in southeastern Washington State, and imported the data obtained from the drilling into the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's professional computer model called STOMP. in. The computer model simulates subsurface fluid flow, allowing researchers to understand how much air can be stored in different underground locations and how much can eventually be released back to the ground.
After analyzing the research, the researchers confirmed that there are two promising locations in eastern Washington State, one is the site known as the Columbia Hill, north of Bodman, Oregon, and the Columbia River in Washington State; The other is the Yagewa Mineral Site, located in the Yagewa Gorge area 10 miles north of Syrah, Washington.
However, the research team believes that the two sites are suitable for two distinct compressed air storage pathways. The Columbia Hill site is close to the natural gas pipeline and is therefore suitable for use with conventional compressed air energy storage equipment. Such conventional equipment is capable of heating air released from underground storage using a small amount of natural gas, which is then used to drive a steam turbine to generate electricity, which generates more than twice the amount of electricity generated by a conventional natural gas power plant. Researchers say they are expected to build a conventional compressed air energy storage plant with a capacity of 207 megawatts at the Columbia Hill site.
The Yajiwa mineral site is far from the natural gas pipeline, so the research team designed different compressed air storage pathways, namely the use of geothermal energy. The hybrid facility powers the chillers with geothermal deep underground to cool the air compressors for more efficient operation. In addition, geothermal energy can also be heated by compressed air released from the ground. The researchers believe that it is expected to build a geothermal compressed air energy storage power plant with a capacity of 83 megawatts.
Peter McGill, a researcher and research project leader at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, said that combining geothermal energy with compressed air energy storage is a creative concept for solving the engineering problems of the Yajiwa mineral site. This hybrid facility concept greatly expands the use of geothermal energy.
Studies have shown that both approaches maintain energy storage over a relatively long period of time. This will especially help the Northwest in the spring when wind and hydropower exceed the local needs, people use excess electricity to store compressed air. Researchers say that the large amount of water produced by snowmelt combined with a large amount of wind resources can peak regional energy production. In order to ensure the stability of regional power supply, power system managers must reduce power generation or store excess power. Energy storage technologies such as compressed air storage will help places to access clean energy products.
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