Copper-nickel ore beneficiation process and precautions
Disclaimer: Please be sure to use the mineral processing test data as a reference. This article is only a summary.
1 Basic principles of copper and nickel beneficiation
When flotation of copper-nickel ore, a collector and a foaming agent for flotation of copper sulfide minerals are often used. A basic principle is determined: it is better to allow copper to enter the nickel concentrate, and to avoid nickel from entering the copper concentrate as much as possible, because nickel loses much in copper concentrate smelting, and copper can be recovered in nickel concentrate smelting.
2 beneficiation process (direct dressing)
Copper sulphide nickel can be enriched by beneficiation method, and currently nickel oxide can only be directly used in smelting methods (divided into fire and wet methods).
The most important beneficiation method for copper sulphide ore is flotation, and magnetic separation and re-election are often auxiliary methods.
There are two major types of flotation schemes for copper-nickel ore: one is preferential flotation; the other is mixed flotation. In the ore, the copper content is higher than that of nickel, and the mineral symbiosis relationship is relatively simple. The priority flotation can be considered. Its advantages: copper concentrate and nickel concentrate can be directly obtained. Disadvantages: Nickel minerals that have been suppressed during floating copper are not easy to activate, and the recovery rate of nickel is low, so this method is rarely used.
Copper-nickel mixed flotation is currently a more general solution. The advantages are: nickel recovery rate is high, flotation equipment is also less, copper-nickel mixed flotation is similar to copper-sulfur mixed flotation.
(1 ) Mixed flotation process.
Applicable conditions: used to select ore containing copper less than nickel, the obtained copper-nickel mixed concentrate is directly smelted into high-ice nickel, and then obtained by copper-nickel after grinding and flotation.
(2 ) Mixed flotation + separation flotation
Applicable conditions: After the mixed flotation, the mixed concentrate is separated into a copper concentrate containing low nickel and a nickel concentrate containing copper. The nickel concentrate is smelted into high ice nickel, and the high ice nickel is further subjected to flotation separation.
(3 ) Mixed flotation (partial) + mixed floating tailings to recover part of nickel
3 nickel method
(1) Re-election + flotation
(2) Magnetic separation + flotation
(3) Flotation
4 copper nickel flotation process characteristics
(1) The optimum pH for nickel mineral flotation is carried out in a weakly acidic, neutral or weakly alkaline medium.
(2) The collector uses a high-grade xanthate such as Ding Huang or Wu Huang.
(3) pyrrhotite flotation time longer nickel.
(4) Nickel-containing minerals such as pyrrhotite and pyrite are easily oxidized and muddy. Especially when the nickel inlaid cloth has uneven particle size, the stage grinding is particularly important. It is necessary to strengthen the graded grinding. After the coarse grinding, the tailings are finally selected, the mixed concentrate is graded and then ground, and then the selection or copper-nickel separation is carried out.
(5) Activated Pharmacy Program for Pyrrhotite:
1Na 2 S+CuSO 4
2Na 2 SiF 6 +CuSO 4
3(COOH) 2 +CuSO 4
5 high ice nickel flotation process
5.1 High ice nickel main ingredients
Ni 3 S 2 Cu 2 S Ni -Fe-Cu alloy
5.2 High ice nickel separation technology applicable conditions
Depending on requirements and the platinum group metal ore properties to other factors, the ratio of copper and nickel smelting process, the copper-nickel separation performed directly from ore, the smelting process can be simplified, saving energy and increasing productivity.
5.3 Process methods
The magnetic flotation separation method is the main method for the effective separation of modern high-ice nickel. The magnetic flotation combined sorting method is to slowly cool the high-ice nickel, after crushing, grinding and classifying, separating the alloy in the high-ice nickel by the permanent magnet weak magnetic separator, and then using the yellow medicine or The ester collector suppresses nickel floating copper at high pH.
Pharmacy system: Ding Huang, sodium hydroxide as pH adjuster, realize nickel-free float copper under high alkalinity, coarse selection pH=13, sweep pH=12, concentrate pH=14. (Refer to Jinchuan Copper-Nickel Mine)
6 common process flow chart
6.1 Re-election
6.2 Priority flotation
6.3 Mixed flotation
6.4 Mixed flotation + separation flotation
6.5 Mixed flotation (partial) + tailings re-floating
6.6 Maglev process
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